Identification of Suspected Stem/progenitor Cells in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells Culture System

To develop the potential function of dairy cow mammary stem cells (DCMECs) in regulation of lactation,we identify putative DCMECs which were BrdU label retaining epithelial cells,at the same time,analysis the location of two new mammary stem cells molecular marks FNDC3B and PROCR to verify the feasibility of them to indicate DCMECs.The mRNA levels of prolactin,growth hormone,insulin-like growth factor-1 and their receptors were detected along with cell passage by Real-time quantitative PCR.The results showed that the proportion of BrdU label-retaining epithelial cells was nearly 0.4% after 25 d continuous culture (passaged 4 times) and few cells were positive for FNDC3B or PROCR.Moreover,we observed the BrdU labelled epithelial cells by asymmetric division.The mRNA levels of prolactin,growth hormone,insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ and their receptors in primary and passage cells were extremely significant difference(P<0.01).DCMECs would rapidly lose some physiological characteristics and the ability of milk synthesis when not under the condition of induction of lactation differentiation,but a certain percentage of mammary stem/progenitor cells will be retained,whose potential effects on the regulation of lactation and mammary acinar remodeling were worthy of attention.     

Short time effects of biological and inter-row subsoiling on yield of potatoes grown on a loamy sand,and on soil penetration resistance,root growth and nitrogen uptake

Soil compaction, especially subsoil compaction, in agricultural fields has increased due to widespread use of heavy machines and intensification of vehicular traffic. Subsoil compaction changes the relative distribution of roots between soil layers and may restrict root development to the upper part of the soil profile, limiting water and mineral availability. This study investigated the direct effects of inter-row subsoiling, biological subsoiling and a combination of these two methods on soil penetration resistance, root length density, nitrogen uptake and yield. In field experiments with potatoes in 2013 and 2014, inter-row subsoiling (subsoiler) and biological subsoiling (preceding crops) were studied as two potential methods to reduce soil penetration resistance. Inter-row subsoiling was carried out post planting and the preceding crops were established one year, or in one case two years, prior to planting. Soil resistance was determined with a penetrometer three weeks after the potatoes were planted and root length density was measured after soil core sampling 2 months after emergence. Nitrogen uptake was determined in haulm (at haulm killing) and tubers (at harvest). Inter-row subsoiling had the greatest effect on soil penetration resistance, whereas biological subsoiling showed no effects. Root length density (RDL) in the combined treatment was higher than in the separate inter-row and biological subsoiling treatments and the control, whereas for the separate inter-row and biological subsoiling treatments, RLD was higher than in the control. Nitrogen uptake increased with inter-row subsoiling and was significantly higher than in the biological subsoiling and control treatments. However, in these experiments with a good supply of nutrients and water, no yield differences between any treatments were observed.     

内毒素对大鼠小肠黏膜组织的影响及多价阳离子A的保护效应

旨在揭示大肠埃希菌内毒素(ET)对大鼠小肠黏膜的结构、绒毛长度、上皮内淋巴细胞(IEL)的数量和分布的影响,并探讨多价阳离子A(CA)对上述指标的保护效应。选用72只140g~150g SPF级SD大鼠随机分为3组,即对照组、ET组和CA保护组,经相应处理后分别在3、4、8、12h采集十二指肠、空肠组织作为检测样本,制备病理组织切片,HE染色并利用图像分析系统进行分析。ET组十二指肠和空肠绒毛长度在3、4、8、12h均显著低于对照组和CA保护组(P0.01),ET组十二指肠、空肠IEL数量在3、4、8、12h均显著低于对照组(P0.01);CA保护组十二指肠和空肠IEL数量在4、8、12h均显著高于ET组(P0.01)。结果显示,ET在不同程度上能够破坏小肠黏膜的正常组织结构,降低小肠绒毛长度,减少IEL的数量,从而影响小肠正常的吸收和免疫功能,而CA则能明显降低ET所导致的毒性作用,发挥其保护效应。     

鹿茸发育的组织来源及其相互作用机制研究进展

本综述介绍了鹿茸发育的组织来源及其相互作用机制的研究进展,阐明了鹿茸发育的组织细胞特性,进一步分析了鹿茸发育机制中待解决的问题。     

天然更新伯乐树的生长过程初步分析

解析1株天然林中148年生伯乐树倒木树干，表明其树高连年生长量在65年生时达到最大值，和树高年平均生长量曲线相交于80年生时；胸径连年生长量在70年生时达到最大值，与胸径年平均生长量相交于95-100年生时；而材积连年生长量的最大值出现在80年生时，与材积年平均生长量于135-140年间相交，此时可以认为是伯乐树的材积数量成熟年龄。     

黑龙江省小兴安岭北坡林分生长率模型的建立

通过采集的120 890株编表样木数据,编制了黑龙江省小兴安岭北坡的主要林分生长率表,确定了y=a＋blnx（y—林分生长率,x—林分年龄）为林分总长率和净生长率回归模型。经检验,本生长率表精度较高、适用性强,可供生产经营单位、管理部门和科学研究使用。     

西门塔尔牛胰腺间充质干细胞原代培养及其多向分化潜能研究

旨在对西门塔尔牛胰腺间充质干细胞（pancreatic mesenchymal stem cells,PMSCs）进行原代培养并研究其体外分化潜能,为细胞疗法和组织工程学方面提供新的种子细胞。本研究从3月龄的西门塔尔牛胚胎中无菌分离胰腺组织,分别采用胶原酶消化法和组织块贴壁法分离PMSCs,进行原代培养;绘制第3代、第9代、第15代细胞生长曲线并测定群体倍增时间及克隆形成能力,采用免疫荧光检测干细胞表面标志物（CD29、CD44、CD73、CD90、CD34和CD45）,RT-PCR检测干细胞细胞表面标志物（CD29、CD44、CD73、CD90、CD106、CD166、CD34和CD45）;染色体核型分析检测其基因稳定性,通过向成脂、成骨、成软骨和成肝样细胞诱导分化,检测其多向分化潜能。结果表明,两种方法都可成功分离出PMSCs,细胞贴壁后形态均为长梭形,漩涡状生长,生长趋势呈典型的S形;第9代细胞群体倍增时间显著低于第15代而高于第3代（P<0.01）;第9代PMSCs克隆形成率显著低于第3代而显著高于第15代（P<0.05）;免疫荧光结果表明,PMSCs特异性表达CD29、CD44、CD73和CD90,RT-PCR结果显示PMSCs特异性表达CD29、CD44、CD73、CD90、CD106和CD166,未表达造血细胞表面标志物CD34和CD45,与国际细胞治疗学会组织干细胞委员会指定的MSCs表面标记物相对应;核型分析表明,PMSCs为正常二倍体（2n=60,XY）,染色体基因组未发生变异;特异性染色和RT-PCR结果表明,从西门塔尔牛体内获得的PMSCs可分化为脂肪细胞、骨细胞、软骨细胞和肝样细胞。本试验证实两种方法均可成功建立西门塔尔牛PMSCs体外分离培养体系,PMSCs具有活性好、增殖速度快的特点,与MSCs有相似的生物学特性和多项分化的潜能。可为组织工程学提供新的种子细胞。     

犬造血干细胞移植的作用机制及应用研究进展

造血干细胞(hematopoietic stem cell, HSC)位于造血系统的顶端, 是造血系统中唯一具有多能性和自我更新能力的细胞, 可以分化为各种功能的血细胞, 维持血液系统的建立和动态平衡, 是目前研究最为透彻、临床应用最为成熟的成体干细胞。造血干细胞的这些重要特性, 使得基于造血干细胞在治病机制研究和临床应用中的研究取得了很大进展。以造血干细胞为基础的再生医学治疗是目前治疗恶性血液病和遗传病的首选方法, 如造血干细胞治疗犬白细胞黏附缺陷综合征、犬遗传性贫血、犬淋巴瘤、犬白细胞减少症、犬X连锁严重联合免疫缺陷病等, 但由于白细胞抗原匹配的供体稀缺、可获得的造血干细胞数量有限等原因, 无法满足临床需求, 因此, 如何通过体外培养获得满足临床需要的造血干细胞成为近年来学者们研究的热点问题。作者参照现有研究成果对造血干细胞的来源和体外分离培养、治病机制进行系统的描述, 并对造血干细胞移植治疗遗传性溶血性贫血、白细胞黏附缺陷综合征、淋巴瘤、白细胞减少症、X连锁严重联合免疫缺陷病的临床研究进行综述, 以期为今后将造血干细胞广泛应用于临床治疗提供参考依据。     

Comparison of aluminium tolerance in the brassicas and related species

The aluminium tolerance of 31 varieties within 11 species in six genera of the Cruciferae was determined by measuring root length under aluminium stress. Variance analysis indicated highly significant differences of aluminium tolerance among the species compared. Raphanus sativus (2n= 18, RR) had the highest aluminium tolerance, followed by Brassica carinata (2n= 34, BBCC), Brassica oleracea (2n= 18°C) and Brassica napus (2n= 38, AACC), which had the C genome. There might be more than one gene for aluminium tolerance in the R and C genomes. Those species such as Brassica campestris (2n= 20, AA), Brassica nigra (2n= 16, BB), Brassica juncea (2n= 36, AABB), Arabidopsis thaliana (2n= 10, arar), Sinapis alba (2n= 24, alal), Cheiranthus cheiri (2n= 12, chch) and Orychophragmus violaceus (2n= 24, OO) that did not include the R or C genome had lower aluminium tolerances. Transfer of aluminium tolerance from R. sativus into the cultivated brassicas seems possible by intergeneric hybridization and the production of addition, substitution or translocation lines.